IZICELO ZOKUSEBENZISA
Kusukela kwasungulwa ipuleti le-reagent ngo-1951, selibalulekile ezinhlelweni eziningi; okuhlanganisa ukuxilonga kwemitholampilo, i-molecular biology kanye ne-cell biology, kanye nokuhlaziywa kokudla kanye nemithi. Ukubaluleka kwepuleti le-reagent akufanele kuncishiswe njengoba izinhlelo zokusebenza zakamuva zesayensi ezibandakanya ukuhlolwa komphumela omkhulu zingabonakala zingenakwenzeka.
Asetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ekunakekelweni kwezempilo, ezifundweni, ezemithi kanye nesayensi yezobunhloli, lawa mapuleti akhiwa kusetshenziswa ipulasitiki esetshenziswa kanye. Okusho ukuthi, uma sezisetshenzisiwe, ziyagoqwa bese zithunyelwa ezindaweni zokulahla imfucuza noma zilahlwe ngokushiswa - ngokuvamile ngaphandle kokuthola amandla. Lezi zingcwecwe lapho zithunyelwa emfucumfucwini zinengxenye kwezinye zamathani alinganiselwa ezigidini ezingu-5.5 emfucumfucu yepulasitiki yaselabhorethri ekhiqizwa unyaka ngamunye. Njengoba ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki kuba inkinga yomhlaba wonke yokukhathazeka okwandayo, kuphakamisa umbuzo - ingabe amapuleti ama-reagent aphelelwe yisikhathi angalahlwa ngendlela evumelana nemvelo?
Sixoxa ngokuthi singakwazi yini ukuphinda sisebenzise futhi sisebenzise kabusha amapuleti ezinto ezisetshenziswayo, futhi sihlole ezinye zezinkinga ezihlobene.
AMAPLATES E-REAGENT ENZIWA NGANI?
Amapuleti e-reagent akhiqizwa kusukela ku-thermoplastic recyclable, polypropylene. I-Polypropylene ifaneleka kahle njengepulasitiki yaselabhorethri ngenxa yezimpawu zayo - into ethengekayo, engasindi, ehlala isikhathi eside, enebanga lokushisa elihlukahlukene. Ayinyumba futhi, iqinile futhi ibumbeka kalula, futhi ngokombono kulula ukuyilahla. Zingenziwa futhi nge-Polystyrene nezinye izinto.
Kodwa-ke, i-polypropylene namanye amapulasitiki okuhlanganisa i-Polystyrene eyadalwa njengendlela yokulondoloza umhlaba wemvelo ekuqothulweni nasekusetshenzisweni ngokweqile, manje kubangela ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwemvelo. Lesi sihloko sigxile kumapuleti enziwe ngePolypropylene.
UKULAHLWA AMAPLATES E-REAGENT
Amapuleti ama-reagent aphelelwe yisikhathi avela ezindaweni eziningi zokucwaninga zase-UK ezizimele nezikahulumeni alahlwa ngendlela eyodwa kwezimbili. 'Ziyafakwa' bese zithunyelwa ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu, noma zishiswe. Zombili lezi zindlela zilimaza imvelo.
UMLANDO
Uma ingcwatshwe endaweni yokulahla imfucumfucu, imikhiqizo yepulasitiki ithatha iminyaka ephakathi kuka-20 no-30 ukuwohloka ngokwemvelo. Ngalesi sikhathi izithasiselo ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni kwayo, eziqukethe ubuthi obunjengomthofu ne-cadmium, zingabhodloza kancane kancane emhlabathini futhi zisakazeke emanzini angaphansi komhlaba. Lokhu kungaba nemiphumela eyingozi kakhulu kuma-bio-system ambalwa. Ukugcina amapuleti e-reagent ngaphandle komhlaba kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu.
UKUSHISA
Izishisi zishisa imfucuza, okuthi uma kwenziwa ngezinga elikhulu kukhiqize amandla asebenzisekayo. Lapho ukushiswa kusetshenziswa njengendlela yokucekela phansi amapuleti ama-reagent, kuvela lezi zinkinga ezilandelayo:
● Uma ama-reagent plate eshiswa angakhipha ama-dioxin ne-vinyl chloride. Zombili zihlotshaniswa nemiphumela eyingozi kubantu. Ama-Dioxin anobuthi obukhulu futhi angabangela umdlavuza, izinkinga zokuzala nokukhula, ukulimala kwamasosha omzimba, futhi angaphazamisa amahomoni [5]. I-vinyl chloride yandisa ingozi yohlobo olungavamile lomdlavuza wesibindi (i-angiosarcoma ye-hepatic), kanye nomdlavuza wobuchopho namaphaphu, i-lymphoma, ne-leukemia.
● Umlotha oyingozi ungabangela kokubili imiphumela yesikhashana (efana nesicanucanu nokuhlanza) emiphumeleni yesikhathi eside (njengokulimala kwezinso nomdlavuza).
● Ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa ephuma ezishiseni neminye imithombo efana nezimoto zikadizili nekaphethiloli kunomthelela esifweni sokuphefumula.
● Amazwe aseNtshonalanga avame ukuthumela imfucuza emazweni asathuthuka ukuze ayoshiswa, okuthi kwezinye izimo igcinwe ezindaweni ezingekho emthethweni, lapho intuthu enobuthi ngokushesha iba ingozi yezempilo kubahlali, okuholela kuyo yonke into kusukela ekuqubukeni kwesikhumba kuya komdlavuza.
● Ngokwenqubomgomo yoMnyango wezeMvelo, ukulahla ngokushiswa kufanele kube yindlela yokugcina
ISIKALI SENKINGA
I-NHS iyodwa idala amathani epulasitiki ayi-133,000 ngonyaka, kanti i-5% kuphela yawo igaywa kabusha. Okunye kwalokhu kumosha kungase kubangelwe ku-reagent plate. Njengoba i-NHS imemezele ukuthi eye-NHS Eluhlaza [2] izibophezele ekwethuleni ubuchwepheshe obusha ukuze isize ekwehliseni i-carbon footprint yayo ngokusuka kokulahlwayo kuye ezintweni ezisebenziseka kabusha lapho kungenzeka. Ukugaywa kabusha noma ukusebenzisa kabusha amapuleti e-Polypropylene reagent yizo zombili izinketho zokulahla amapuleti ngendlela evumelana nemvelo.
UKUSEBENZISA KABUSHA REAGENT PLATES
96 Izingcwecwe ze Wellngombono ingasetshenziswa kabusha, kodwa kunezinto ezimbalwa ezisho ukuthi lokhu ngokuvamile akwenzeki. Lezi izi:
● Ukuwageza ukuze usetshenziswe futhi kudla isikhathi kakhulu
● Kunezindleko ezihambisana nokuwahlanza, ikakhulukazi ngezincibilikisi
● Uma sekuke kwasetshenziswa odayi, izincibilikisi zemvelo ezidingekayo ukuze kukhishwe odayi zingase zincibilikise ipuleti
● Zonke izincibilikisi nezihlanzi ezisetshenziswa ekuhlanzeni kudingeka zisuswe ngokugcwele
● Ipuleti lidinga ukuwashwa ngokushesha ngemva kokusetshenziswa
Ukwenza ipuleti likwazi ukuphinda lisetshenziswe, amapuleti adinga ukuhlukaniswa nomkhiqizo wokuqala ngemuva kwenqubo yokuhlanza. Kunezinye izinkinga okufanele zicatshangelwe futhi, njengokuthi uma amapuleti aphathwe ukuthuthukisa ukubophezela kwamaprotheni, inqubo yokugeza ingase futhi iguqule izakhiwo zokubopha. Ipuleti ngeke lisafana nelokuqala.
Uma ilabhorethri yakho ifisa ukuphinda isetshenzisweamapuleti reagent, amawasha amapuleti azenzakalelayo njengalena angase abe inketho esebenzayo.
UKUSASEKELA AMAPLATES E-REAGENT
Kunezinyathelo ezinhlanu ezihilelekile ekugayweni kabusha kwamapuleti Izinyathelo ezintathu zokuqala ziyafana nokugaywa kabusha kwezinye izinto kodwa ezimbili zokugcina zibalulekile.
● Iqoqo
● Ukuhlunga
● Ukuhlanza
● Ukucutshungulwa kabusha ngokuncibilika - i-polypropylene eqoqiwe ifakwa ku-extruder futhi incibilike ku-4,640 °F (2,400 °C) futhi ifakwe i-pellets.
● Ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo emisha nge-PP egaywe kabusha
IZINSELELE NAMATHUBA EKUQWENI KABUSHA AMAPLATES E-REAGEN
Ukugaya kabusha amapuleti ezinto ezisetshenziswayo kuthatha amandla amancane kakhulu kunokudala imikhiqizo emisha evela kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi [4], okwenza kube ukukhetha okuthembisayo. Nokho, kunenqwaba yezithiyo okufanele zicatshangelwe.
I-POLYPROPYLENE AYISISEKWE KABI
Nakuba i-polypropylene ingase igaywe kabusha, kuze kube kamuva nje ibe ngomunye wemikhiqizo egaywe kabusha encane kakhulu emhlabeni wonke (e-USA kucatshangwa ukuthi igaywa kabusha ngenani elingaphansi kwephesenti elingu-1 ukuze kutholakale kabusha umthengi ). Kunezizathu ezimbili ezibalulekile zalokhu:
● Ukuhlukaniswa - Kunezinhlobo ezingu-12 ezihlukene zamapulasitiki futhi kunzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene okwenza kube nzima ukuzihlukanisa nokuzigaya kabusha. Nakuba ubuchwepheshe obusha bekhamera buthuthukiswe yi-Vestforbrænding, Dansk Affaldsminimering Aps, ne-PLASTIX ekwazi ukubona umehluko phakathi kwamapulasitiki, ayivamisile ukusetshenziswa ngakho ipulasitiki idinga ukuhlungwa ngesandla emthonjeni noma ngobuchwepheshe obunganembile obuseduze ne-infrared.
● Izinguquko Zezakhiwo - I-polymer ilahlekelwa amandla nokuvumelana nezimo ngeziqephu zokuvuselela kabusha ezilandelanayo. Izibopho phakathi kwe-hydrogen ne-carbon ku-compound ziba buthaka, zithinte ikhwalithi yezinto.
Nokho, kunesizathu esithile sokuba nethemba. I-Proctor & Gamble ngokubambisana ne-PureCycle Technologies yakha indawo yokugaywa kabusha ye-PP e-Lawrence County, Ohio ezodala i-polypropylene egaywe kabusha enekhwalithi "efana nentombi".
AMAPLASTIKI ELAbhorathri AKHISHWANGA EZINHLELWENI ZOKUGAYISA
Ngaphandle kwamapuleti aselabhorethri ngokuvamile enziwa ngezinto ezigaywa kabusha, kuwumbono oyiphutha ovamile wokuthi zonke izinto zaselabhorethri zingcolile. Lokhu kucatshangelwa kusho ukuthi amapuleti ama-reagent, njengawo wonke amapulasitiki ekunakekelweni kwezempilo nasemalabhorethri emhlabeni jikelele, akhishwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ezinhlelweni zokugaywa kabusha, ngisho nalapho amanye engangcolisiwe. Imfundo ethile kule ndawo ingase ibe usizo ekulweni nalokhu.
Futhi nalokhu, izixazululo zenoveli zethulwa yizinkampani ezikhiqiza i-labware kanti amanyuvesi asungula izinhlelo zokugaywa kabusha.
I-Thermal Compaction Group ithuthukise izixazululo ezivumela izibhedlela namalebhu azimele ukuthi asebenzise kabusha amapulasitiki esizeni. Bangakwazi ukuhlukanisa amapulasitiki emthonjeni futhi baguqule i-polypropylene ibe amabrikhethi aqinile angathunyelwa ukuze agaywe kabusha.
Amanyuvesi asungule izindlela zokuqeda ukungcola ngaphakathi endlini futhi axoxisana nezitshalo ezigaywa kabusha ze-polypropylene ukuze ziqoqe ipulasitiki engangcolisiwe. Upulasitiki osetshenzisiwe ube usufakwa emshinini bese usetshenziselwa eminye imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene.
NGOKUFIGQIWE
Amapuleti e-reagentI-Lab yansuku zonke esetshenziswayo enikela emalini alinganiselwa ezigidini ezi-5.5 zemfucumfucu yepulasitiki yaselabhorethri ekhiqizwe ezinye izikhungo zocwaningo ze-20,500 emhlabeni wonke ngo-2014 , amathani angu-133,000 ale mfucumfucu yonyaka avela ku-NHS futhi kuphela i-5% yayo iphinda isetshenziswe kabusha.
Amapuleti ama-reagent aphelelwe yisikhathi ayengafakwanga ezinhlelweni zokugaywa kabusha anomthelela kulo monakalo kanye nokulimala kwemvelo okubangelwa amapulasitiki asetshenziswa kanye.
Kunezinselelo ezidingekayo ukuze zinqotshwe ekugayweni kabusha kwamapuleti e-reagent nezinye izinto zepulasitiki zaselabhu ezingagcina zithatha amandla amancane ukuze zigaywe kabusha uma kuqhathaniswa nokudala imikhiqizo emisha.
Ukusebenzisa kabusha noma ukugaywa kabusha96 amapuleti emithombozombili izindlela ezihambisana nemvelo zokubhekana namapuleti asetshenzisiwe naphelelwe yisikhathi. Kodwa-ke, kunobunzima obuhambisana nakho kokubili ukugaywa kabusha kwe-polypropylene nokwamukelwa kwepulasitiki esetshenzisiwe evela ocwaningweni nasezilabhorethri ze-NHS kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwamapuleti.
Imizamo yokuthuthukisa ukuwashwa nokugaywa kabusha, kanye nokugaywa kabusha nokwamukela imfucuza yaselabhorethri, iyaqhubeka. Ubuchwepheshe obusha buyathuthukiswa futhi buqaliswe ngethemba lokuthi singalahla amapuleti asebenza ngogesi ngendlela evumelana nemvelo.
Kunezithiyo ezisadinga ukuphonselwa inselelo kule ndawo kanye nocwaningo oluqhubekayo nokufundiswa ngamalabhorethri nezimboni ezisebenza kule ndawo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-23-2022