Ngokukhula kolwazi ngempembelelo yokusingqongileyo yenkunkuma yeplastiki kunye nomthwalo owongeziweyo ohambelana nokulahlwa kwayo, kukho iphulo lokusebenzisa iplastiki ehlaziywayo endaweni yeplastiki enyulu naphina apho kunokwenzeka. Njengoko izinto ezininzi ezisetyenziswa kwilabhoratri zenziwe ngeplastiki, oku kuphakamisa umbuzo wokuba kuyenzeka na ukutshintshela kwiiplastiki ezihlaziyiweyo kwilebhu, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, inokwenzeka kangakanani na.
Izazinzulu zisebenzisa izinto zeplastiki ezityiwayo kuluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso ngaphakathi nakwindawo ejikeleze ilebhu - kuquka iityhubhu (Imibhobho yeCryovial,Iityhubhu zePCR,Iityhubhu ze-Centrifuge)IiMicroplates(iipleyiti zenkcubeko,24,48,96 ipleyiti enzulu yomthombo, PCR paltes), iingcebiso zepipette(Iingcebiso ezizenzekelayo okanye zeHlabathi), izitya ze-petri,Iibhotile zeReagent,kunye nokuninzi. Ukufumana iziphumo ezichanekileyo nezithembekileyo, izinto ezisetyenziswa kwizinto ezisetyenziswayo kufuneka zibe zezona migangatho ziphezulu xa kufikwa kumgangatho, ukungaguquguquki, kunye nobunyulu. Iziphumo zokusebenzisa imathiriyeli engekho mgangathweni zingamandundu: idatha evela kuvavanyo lulonke, okanye uthotho lwemifuniselo, inokungabi naxabiso ngokusilela okusebenzisekayo okanye ukubangela ungcoliseko. Ke, ngaba kunokwenzeka ukufezekisa le migangatho iphezulu usebenzisa iiplastiki ezisetyenzisiweyo? Ukuphendula lo mbuzo, kufuneka siqale siqonde ukuba kwenziwa njani oku.
Zihlaziywa njani iiplastiki?
Ehlabathini lonke, ukurisayikilishwa kweeplastiki lishishini elikhulayo, eliqhutywa kukuqonda okwandileyo ngefuthe lenkunkuma yeplastiki enalo kwimekobume yehlabathi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iiyantlukwano ezinkulu kwizikimu zokurisayikilisha ezisebenza kumazwe ahlukeneyo, zombini ngokwesikali kunye nokuphunyezwa. EJamani, umzekelo, inkqubo yeGreen Point, apho abavelisi bahlawula iindleko zokuphinda isetyenziswe iplastiki kwiimveliso zabo, yaphunyezwa kwangoko ngo-1990 kwaye ukususela ngoko yandiselwa kwezinye iindawo zaseYurophu. Nangona kunjalo, kumazwe amaninzi isikali sokurisayikilisha iiplastiki sincinci, ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yemingeni emininzi eyayanyaniswa nokurisayikilisha okusebenzayo.
Umceli mngeni ophambili ekusetyenzisweni kwakhona kweplastiki kukuba iiplastiki liqela lezinto ezixubene kakhulu ngokwekhemikhali kune, umzekelo, iglasi. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukufumana imathiriyeli eluncedo esetyenzisiweyo, inkunkuma yeplastiki kufuneka ihlelwe ngokweendidi. Amazwe ahlukeneyo kunye nemimandla ineenkqubo zazo ezisemgangathweni zokwahlula inkunkuma enokuphinda isetyenziswe, kodwa uninzi lunohlelo olufanayo lweeplastiki:
- Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
- I-Polyethylene yoxinaniso oluphezulu (HDPE)
- Ipolyvinyl chloride (PVC)
- I-Polyethylene yoxinano oluphantsi (LDPE)
- Polypropylene (PP)
- Ipolystyrene (PS)
- Okunye
Kukho iiyantlukwano ezinkulu kukulula kokurisayikilishwa kwezi ndidi zahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, amaqela 1 kunye nesi-2 kulula ukurisayikilisha, ngelixa udidi 'olunye' (iqela lesi-7) aluqhelekanga ukurisayikilishwa5. Ngaphandle kwenani leqela, iiplastiki ezisetyenzisiweyo zinokwahluka kakhulu kwiintombi ezinyulu ngokwemigaqo okanye ubunyulu kunye neempawu zoomatshini. Isizathu salokhu kukuba nasemva kokucoca kunye nokuhlelwa, ukungcola, mhlawumbi kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeplastiki okanye kwizinto ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwangaphambili kwezinto, zihlala. Ngoko ke, iiplastiki ezininzi (ngokungafaniyo neglasi) zihlaziywa kuphela kube kanye kwaye izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zinezicelo ezahlukileyo kunezo zinyulu.
Zeziphi iimveliso ezinokwenziwa kwiiplastiki ezisetyenzisiweyo?
Umbuzo wabasebenzisi baselebhu ngulo: Kuthekani ngezinto ezityiwayo zaselabhu? Ngaba akhona amathuba okuvelisa iiplastiki zebakala lebhu kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo? Ukumisela oku, kuyimfuneko ukujonga ngononophelo kwiipropathi abasebenzisi abazilindeleyo kwizinto ezisetyenziswa elebhu kunye neziphumo zokusebenzisa imathiriyeli engekho mgangathweni.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwezi zakhiwo bubunyulu. Kubalulekile ukuba ubumdaka obuseplastikini esetyenziselwa izinto ezisetyenziswa elebhu buncitshiswe njengoko bunokuphuma buphume kwipolymer bube yisampuli. Ezi zinto zibizwa ngokuba zivuza zinokuba noluhlu lweziphumo ezingalindelekanga, umzekelo, iinkcubeko zeeseli eziphilayo, ngelixa zikwaphembelela ubuchule bokuhlalutya. Ngesi sizathu, abavelisi bezinto ezisetyenziswa kwilebhu bahlala bekhetha izixhobo ezinezongezo ezincinci.
Xa kuziwa kwiiplastiki ezihlaziyiweyo, akunakwenzeka ukuba abavelisi banqume imvelaphi echanekileyo yezinto zabo kwaye ngoko ke ukungcola okunokuthi kubekho. Kwaye nangona abavelisi benza umzamo omkhulu wokucoca iiplastiki ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphinda isetyenziswe, ukucoceka kwezinto ezihlaziyiweyo kuphantsi kakhulu kuneeplastiki ezinyulu. Ngesi sizathu, iiplastiki ezisetyenzisiweyo zilungele kakuhle iimveliso ezinokusetyenziswa kwazo kungachatshazelwa zizixa ezisezantsi zokuvuza. Imizekelo ibandakanya izinto zokwakha izindlu kunye neendlela (HDPE), iimpahla (PET), kunye nezinto zokupakisha zokupakisha (PS)
Nangona kunjalo, kwizinto ezisetyenziswa kwilebhu, kunye nezinye izicelo ezinovakalelo ezifana nezixhobo ezininzi zoqhagamshelwano lokutya, amanqanaba okucoceka kweenkqubo zangoku zokurisayikilishwa awanelanga ukuqinisekisa iziphumo ezithembekileyo, ezinokuphinda ziphinde zenziwe elebhu. Ukongeza, ukucaca okuphezulu kwe-optical kunye neepropathi zoomatshini ezingaguqukiyo ziyimfuneko kwizicelo ezininzi ze-lab consumables, kwaye ezi mfuno nazo azinelisekanga xa kusetyenziswa iiplastiki ezisetyenzisiweyo. Ke ngoko, ukusebenzisa ezi mathiriyeli kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezingezizo okanye izinto ezingalunganga kuphando, iimpazamo kuphando lwasenkundleni, kunye noxilongo lwezonyango olungachanekanga.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukurisayikilishwa kwePlastiki yindlela esekiweyo nekhulayo kwihlabathi jikelele eya kuba nefuthe elihle, elihlala lihleli kokusingqongileyo ngokunciphisa inkunkuma yeplastiki. Kwimeko yendawo elebhu, iplastiki esetyenzisiweyo ingasetyenziswa kwizicelo ezingaxhomekekanga kangako kubunyulu, umzekelo, ukupakishwa. Nangona kunjalo, iimfuno zokusetyenziswa kwelebhu ngokobunyulu kunye nokungaguquguquki azinako ukufezekiswa ngezenzo zangoku zokurisayikilishwa, kwaye ke ngoko ezi zinto kusafuneka zenziwe ngeeplastiki ezinyulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-29-2023