Gusaba Gukoresha
Kubera ko ikiganiro cya Plate rwinshi mu 1951, byabaye ngombwa mubisabwa byinshi; Harimo kwisuzumisha ubuvuzi, ibinyabuzima bya molekile na biologiya ngendanwa, hamwe no gusesengura ibiryo na farumasi. Akamaro k'isahani y'icyiciro ntigomba kudasobanurwa nkibisabwa bya siyansi birimo kwerekana hishyikirwa hejuru byashoboka byashoboka.
Byakoreshejwe muburyo butandukanye bwa porogaramu mu buvuzi, mu banyeshuri, imiti n'imiti ikwamijwe, izi sahani zubatswe ukoresheje gukoresha plastike imwe. Ibisobanuro, bimaze gukoreshwa, binjijwe kandi byoherezwa kurubuga rwamataka cyangwa biteguye kubura - akenshi nta kugarura ingufu. Izi masahani iyo yoherejwe gutaka zitanga kuri bamwe muri toni miliyoni 5.5 za toni za laboratoire zakozwe buri mwaka. Mugihe umwanda wa plastiki uhinduka ikibazo cyisi yose cyo kongera impungenge, ritera ikibazo - gishobora kurangira amasahani cyarangiye muburyo bwabagenzi bakomeye?
Turaganira niba dushobora gukoresha no gusubiramo amasahani yibanze, kandi tugasuzugure bimwe mubibazo bifitanye isano.
Amasahani yibanze yakozwe?
Ibisahani bya reagent bikozwe mu murongo usubiramo, Polypropylene. PolyproPylene ikwiranye nifiti ya laboratoire kubera ibiranga - ibintu byoroshye, byoroheje, biramba, biramba, ibikoresho bifite ubushyuhe bukabije. Biratangaje kandi, bikomeye kandi byoroshye guterwa, kandi mubitekerezo biroroshye guta. Barashobora kandi gukorwa kuva muri Polystyrene nabandi bashinzwe.
Ariko, Polypropylene nibindi Plastiki birimo Polystyrene byaremewe nkinzira yo kubungabunga isi karemano no kwizirika no gukoresha, ubu bitera impungenge nyinshi. Iyi ngingo yibanze ku masahani yakozwe kuva muri Polypropylene.
Guta amasahani yibanze
Amasahani ya Reagent yarangiye kuri benshi muri laboratoire yigenga yo mu Bwongereza na leta ijugunywe muri bumwe mu buryo bubiri. Bashobora 'gutwarwa' no koherezwa ku butaka, cyangwa barangiriye. Ubu buryo bwaba ari bibi kubidukikije.
Imyanda
Bimaze gushyingurwa kurubuga rworoshye, ibicuruzwa bya plastike bifata hagati yimyaka 20 na 30 kuri biodegrade mubisanzwe. Muri kiriya gihe inyongera zikoreshwa mu musaruro wayo, zirimo uburozi nkuyobora na Cadmium, zirashobora gusenya buhoro buhoro zinyura hasi zikwirakwira mumazi. Ibi birashobora kugira ingaruka mbi zikomeye kuri sisitemu-zisanzwe. Gukomeza amasahani yinjira mubutaka nibyingenzi.
Gutwika
Gucika intege gutwika imyanda, iyo bikozwe ku rugero runini rushobora gutanga imbaraga zikoreshwa. Iyo incuraration ikoreshwa nkuburyo bwo gusenya amasahani yibanze, ibibazo bikurikira bivuka:
● Iyo amasahani yibanze acumijwe bashobora gusohora DIOXXIne na vinyl chloride. Byombi bifitanye isano ningaruka mbi kubantu. Dioxys ni uburozi bwinshi kandi irashobora gutera kanseri, ibibazo by'imyororokere n'ibibazo, ibyangiritse ku mubiri, kandi birashobora kubangamira imisemburo [5]. Vinyl chloride yongera ibyago byuburyo budasanzwe bwa kanseri yindimi (aniotioma ya hepatike), kimwe na kanseri yubwonko n'ibihaha, lymphoma, na leukemia.
Acy ivu irashobora gutera ingaruka zigihe gito (nka isesemi no kuruka) ingaruka ndende (nk'ibyangiritse na kanseri).
Ibyuka byimyuka ya Green House iva mu gitero n'andi masoko nka mazutu n'ibinyabiziga bya peteroli bigira uruhare mu ndwara z'ubuhumekero.
● Ibihugu by'iburengerazuba bakunze kohereza imyanda mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira itezimbere ibihugu bitemewe, aho bikaze bihinduka bidatinze abaturage, biganisha kuri buri kintu gikomoka ku ruhu.
Politiki y'ishami rishinzwe ishami rishinzwe ishami rishinzwe ishami rishinzwe kurwanya ibidukikije rigomba kuba ibyuma bya nyuma
Igipimo cyikibazo
NHS yonyine irema toni 133.000 ya plastike buri mwaka, hamwe na 5% gusa bigenzurwa. Zimwe muri iyi myanda irashobora kwitirirwa isahani yinyuma. Nkuko NHs yatangaje ko ari icyatsi cya Grener NHS [2] biyemeje gutangiza ikoranabuhanganone kugirango rifashe kugabanya ikirenge cya karubone mu guhinduranya karubone, guhinduranya kubikoresho byakoreshejwe aho bishoboka. Gutunganya cyangwa gukoresha Polypropylene amasahani yibanze nuburyo bwo guta amasahani muburyo bwabagenzi bakomeye.
Gukoresha amasahani
96 AmasahaniIrashobora guhugukira, ariko hariho ibintu bitari bike bivuze ko akenshi atari asanzwe. Ibi ni:
● Gutuza kugirango byongere gukoresha nigihe kinini cyane
● Hariho ikiguzi kijyanye no kubisukura, cyane cyane hamwe nibisubizo
● Niba DYES yakoreshejwe, ibiti byamagana bisabwa kugirango ukureho irangi rishobora gusesa isahani
● Ibisubizo byose hamwe nibibi byakoreshejwe muburyo bwo gusukura bigomba kuvaho byuzuye
● Isahani igomba gukaraba ako kanya nyuma yo kuyikoresha
Gukora isahani ishoboka yo kongera gukoresha, amasahani akeneye gutandukana nibicuruzwa byumwimerere nyuma yo gusukura. Hariho ibindi bibazo byo gusuzuma, nkaho ibyapa byafashwe kugirango bikureho proteyine bihurira, uburyo bwo gukaraba bushobora no guhindura imitungo ihuza. Isahani ntiyaba akiri nkumwimerere.
Niba laboratoire yawe yifuza kongera gukoreshaamasahani yibanze, gutangiza amalaya yikora nkibi birashobora kuba uburyo bwiza.
Gusubiramo Ibisahani bya Reagent
Hano hari intambwe eshanu zigira uruhare mugusubiramo intambwe eshatu zambere zimeze nkibikoresho ibindi bikoresho ariko bibiri byanyuma ni ngombwa.
● Icyegeranyo
Gutondeka
Gusukura
● Gusubiramo no gushonga - Polypropylene yakusanyirijwe kugaburirwa kandi ashonga kuri 4,640 ° F (2,400 ° C) kandi aringaniye
Gutanga ibicuruzwa bishya muri PP ya recycled
INGORANE N'AMAFORE MU GUHINDUKA
Gusubiramo amasahani yibanze bisaba imbaraga nke kuruta gukora ibicuruzwa bishya mubintu byabitswe [4], bituma bituma bisezeranya guhitamo. Ariko, hariho inzitizi nyinshi zigomba kwitabwaho.
Polypropylene isubirwamo nabi
Mugihe Polypropylene irashobora gutungura, kuva kera ni kimwe mubicuruzwa bidasubirwamo kwisi yose (muri Amerika byatekerezaga ko bisubirwamo ku gipimo cya 1 ku ijana ku gukira). Hariho impamvu ebyiri zingenzi ziteganijwe kuri ibi:
Gutandukana - Harahari ubwoko bwa plastiki 12 butandukanye kandi biragoye cyane kuvuga itandukaniro riri hagati yubwoko butandukanye bugoye kubitandukanya no kuyandika. Mugihe cya kamera nshya ya kamera yatejwe imbere na vestforbring, Dansk yashyize ahagaragara APP, na plastix ishobora kuvuga itandukaniro riri hagati ya plastiki, ntabwo ikoreshwa cyane kuburyo rya plastike rigomba gutondekanya intoki cyangwa muburyo budahwitse.
● Impinduka z'umutungo - Polymer itakaje imbaraga no guhinduka binyuze mu bice bikurikiranye. Iminyururu hagati ya hydrogène na karubone mu kigo ihinduka intege nke, bigira ingaruka ku miterere y'ibikoresho.
Ariko, hariho impamvu zimwe zintego zimyidagaduro. Proctor & GAMBWE ku bufatanye na tekinoroji ya PP yongeye kubaka intara za PP, Ohio izakora ibicuruzwa bya rexypropylene hamwe n '"isugi nka" ireme ".
Plastike ya laboratoike ikuyemo gahunda yo gusubiramo
Nubwo ibyapa bya laboratoire bikunze gukorwa mubikoresho bigenzurwa, birasanzwe ko ibikoresho byose bya laboratoire byanduye. Uku kwibwira bisobanura ko amasahani yibanze, nka plastique yose mubuvuzi na laboratoire kwisi yose, byahise bitandukanya na gahunda yo gutunganya, nubwo bamwe batanduye. Uburezi bumwe muri kano karere birashobora kuba byiza kurwana.
Nkuko ibi, ibisubizo bishya bigengwa namasosiyete akora imyanda na kaminuza zishyiraho gahunda yo gutunganya.
Itsinda ryubushyuhe ryamajyaruguru ryateye imbere ibisubizo byemerera ibitaro nintangiriro yigenga yo gusubiramo plastike kurubuga. Bashobora gutandukanya Plastike kumasoko bagahindura Polypropylene muri briquette ikomeye ishobora koherezwa kugirango baturwe.
Kaminuza zateye imbere muburyo bwo kugabanuka munzu hanyuma uganire hamwe nibihingwa byo gusubiramo polypropylene kugirango bakusanye plastike yanduye. Plastike yakoreshejwe noneho iterwa mumashini kandi ikoreshwa mubindi bicuruzwa bitandukanye.
Muri make
Amasahani yibanzeEse laboral yigihe cyose inywa kugira uruhare muri toni miliyoni 5.5 zamato ya laboratoire ya laboratoire yakozwe ninzego zigera ku 20.500 kwisi yose, toni 133.000 yiyi myanda ya NHS na 5% gusa irasubirwamo.
Isahani ya Reagent yarangiye yakuweho mumateka gahunda yo gutunganya itanga umusanzu hamwe nindaro nibidukikije byatewe na plastike imwe.
Hariho ingorane zikenewe kugirango utsinde amasahani yinjira hamwe nibindi bya laboware ya laboratoire bishobora kurangiza gufata imbaraga ugereranije no gukora ibicuruzwa bishya.
Gukoresha cyangwa gusubiramo96 Amasahanininzira zishingiye ku bidukikije zo gukemura ibyapa byakoreshejwe kandi byarangiye. Ariko, hariho ingorane zijyanye no gusubiramo Polypropylene no kwakira plastike yakoreshejwe mubushakashatsi na nhs kimwe no gukoresha amasahani.
Imbaraga zo kunoza imbaraga no gutunganya, kimwe no gutunganya no kwakira imyanda ya laboratoire, birakomeje. Tekinoroji mishya iratezwa imbere kandi igashyirwa mubikorwa byiringiro ko dushobora guta amasahani yibanze muburyo bwabagenzi.
Hariho inzitizi zimwe zigomba gutorwa muri kariya gace hamwe nubundi bushakashatsi nuburezi byanditswe na laboratoire ninganda zikora muri kano karere.
Igihe cyohereza: Nov-23-2022