Umuyoboro wikorani bumwe muburyo bukomeye bwo kugabanya amakosa yabantu, kongera ubusobanuro nukuri, no kwihutisha akazi ka laboratoire. Ariko, guhitamo ibice "bigomba-kugira" kugirango bigende neza kubikorwa byogukora byikora biterwa nintego zawe nibisabwa. Iyi ngingo iraganira kuri zimwe mu ngingo zingenzi ugomba gusuzuma muguhitamo uburyo bwo gukoresha amazi muri laboratoire yawe.
Gutanga imiyoboro ni intambwe yingenzi mugutezimbere imikorere ya laboratoire, ifasha kongera imyororokere, kongera ibicuruzwa, no kugabanya amakosa. Laboratoire ziterwa na tekinoroji yimikorere ikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye, harimo gutegura icyitegererezo, gukuramo ADN, gushingira ku ngirabuzimafatizo, na ELISAs. Izi porogaramu ni ishoramari rirerire kandi rigomba gutoranywa ridashingiye gusa kubisabwa uyu munsi, ariko kandi nibishobora gukenerwa muri laboratoire. Ibi bizemeza ko urubuga rwukuri rwatoranijwe, kandi rushobora gukora laboratoire mumyaka myinshi iri imbere.
Intambwe yambere
Mbere yo gufata ibyemezo ibyo aribyo byose, reba neza inzira zigomba gukorwa:
Uratangirana inzira ikomeye?
Gukoresha ibiyobora byamazi birashobora kunoza cyane ibikorwa byintoki, ariko ntibishobora gukemura ikibazo kitari gikora. Gabanya akazi kawe muntambwe kugiti cyawe, hanyuma utekereze ku ngaruka zishobora guterwa na buri umwe mubikorwa rusange. Kurugero, gufata isuzuma riva mu ntoki zashizwe mu ntoki, zishingiye ku miyoboro ikoreshwa mu buryo bwikora, ubwinshi-bwinshi, bushingiye ku isahani yerekana ko ibyitegererezo hamwe na reagent bizaba ku kibanza igihe kinini cyane. Nigute ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka kubusugire bwintangarugero na reagent?
Ibyo ukeneye bizahinduka bite?
Kugirango uzigame amafaranga, birashobora kugerageza gushora imari muri sisitemu ijyanye gusa na laboratoire ikeneye, ariko mugihe kirekire ushobora guhomba. Reba ibintu ari ngombwa, kandi byaba byiza ufite. Sisitemu nziza yimikorere yimikorere igomba guhindurwa kugirango ubashe gufata porogaramu nshya hamwe nakazi keza nkuko bikenewe guhinduka. Hamwe na sisitemu ihindagurika, ya modular, ibintu byinshi byakazi kawe birashobora gusubirwamo no kuzamurwa.
Hariho igisubizo kitari igisubizo gikemura ibyo ukeneye?
Bimwe mubikorwa byihariye byahinduwe kugirango bikoreshwe hamwe na protocole yemejwe, nko gukuramo ADN, gutegura icyitegererezo, n'umuco w'akagari. Ibi birashobora koroshya cyane inzira yawe yo gutoranya, kandi biracyatanga "ingirakamaro" yingirakamaro kugirango yinjire muri sisitemu nini mugihe kizaza. Ibisubizo bidasubirwaho byateguwe hamwe no guhuza ejo hazaza hamwe no guhinduka mubitekerezo birahitamo kurubuga rudahinduka, "rufunze".
Ufite umwanya angahe, kandi urimo ukoresha neza?
Umwanya akenshi ni ikintu cyagaciro. Sisitemu nyinshi zo gutunganya ibintu ubu ni nyinshi, zikaba zongereye icyifuzo cyo guhinduka no gukoresha udushya mu mwanya. Tekereza guhitamo urubuga rwikora rushobora kugera kumwanya uri munsi yakazi kugirango ugere, kurugero, ibikoresho byisesengura cyangwa icyitegererezo cyo gutegura, nibindi.
Nibyoroshye gute kubungabunga no gutanga serivisi?
Ntukirengagize serivisi no kuyitaho. Kuborohereza kubatekinisiye birashobora kugabanya igihe cyo guhagarika akazi no guhungabana kumurimo wawe.
Guhitamo ibyuma bikwiye
Waba ukora muri genomics, biologiya selile, kuvumbura ibiyobyabwenge, kwisuzumisha molekuline, cyangwa ikindi kintu gitandukanye rwose, sisitemu yo gufata neza amazi irashobora koroshya ubuzima bwawe cyane. Ibyingenzi byingenzi birimo:
Umuyoboro wo kwimura ikirere cyangwa amazi?
Kwimura ikirere nibyiza mugutanga hejuru yubunini bunini, kuva 0.5 kugeza 1.000 μL. Nubwo bihujwe gusa ninama zikoreshwa, ibi byongera umuvuduko numusaruro mugukuraho intambwe zinyongera zijyanye no kwimura amazi yimuka mugihe uhinduye amazi cyangwa ugahindura sisitemu. Igabanya kandi ibyago byo kwanduzanya kandi itanga inzira yumutekano yo gukoresha ibikoresho bya radio cyangwa biohazardous.
Kwimura amazi birahujwe ninama zifatika kandi zishobora gukoreshwa, kandi nubuhanga bwatoranijwe kubwinshi butandukanye bwa 5 μL. Gukaraba neza ibyuma byingirakamaro nibyiza kubisabwa aho imiyoboro ikeneye gutoborwa cyangwa gusabwa imiyoboro myiza. Kugirango uhinduke neza, tekereza kuri sisitemu ikubiyemo kwimuka kwumwuka n’amazi.
Ni ubuhe mubumbe n'imiterere mukorana?
Menya neza ko urubuga rushobora gukora ibikenewe bya pipeti hamwe nuburyo bwa laboratoire (tubes na plaque) bikoreshwa muri laboratoire yawe. Reba kandi niba automatike izemerera sample ntoya na reagent zingana gukoreshwa, bitanga ikiguzi cyo kuzigama.
Ni izihe ntwaro zikoreshwa mu guhitamo?
Ubwoko bwibanze ni 1) imiyoboro ihindagurika-muri rusange 1- kugeza 8-umuyoboro-ushobora gukora imiyoboro, amasahani, nubundi buryo bwinshi bwa laboratoire; na 2) intwaro zinyuranye zagenewe cyane cyane gukwirakwiza amasahani menshi. Sisitemu zigezweho zemerera imitwe cyangwa isahani ya adaptor guhinduka "kuguruka" - amahitamo meza kuri protocole akoresha ibikoresho byinshi bitandukanye, nk'inshinge zihamye, inama zikoreshwa, ibikoresho bya pin nkeya, nibindi.
Ukeneye amaboko ya roboKuriibintu byoroshye?
Imashini ya robo ya robot itanga uburyo bworoshye bwo kwimura laboratoire hafi yakazi. Amaboko ya robo ashobora guhindura "intoki" byihuse byemeza ko byoroshye guhinduka no gufata neza kubitereko byombi.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa pipette inama izaguka cyane kubyara?
Impanuro nziza ni umusanzu wingenzi mu myororokere kandi irashobora gukora cyangwa kumena imikorere ya sisitemu. Impanuro zikoreshwa akenshi zifatwa nkuburyo bwiza bwo gukuraho kwanduzanya hagati y’ibinyabuzima. Abacuruzi bamwe na bamwe ubu batanga inama zidasanzwe zijwi zemewe kugirango zitangwe kwizewe kurwego rwa microliter cyangwa submicroliter ikenewe mubisabwa nka assay miniaturisation. Tekereza kugura ibicuruzwa byabigenewe byihariye bya pipette kugirango umenye ibisubizo byizewe.
Ibikoresho ukoresheje inama zihamye birashobora kugira inyungu zijyanye nigiciro cyibikorwa. Urushinge ruhamye rushobora kugera munsi yubwato bwimbitse kuruta inama zikoreshwa, kandi rushobora no gutobora septa. Ibikoresho byateguwe neza byohanagura bigabanya ibyago byo kwanduzanya niyi mikorere.
Ukeneye inama zemeza ko ari sterile?
Kugabanya ibyago byo kwanduza, koresha gusa ibikoreshwa byanditseho "sterile." Ibi bikozwe mubihe bikomeye kandi bihuye nibipfunyika hamwe nogutwara ibintu byemeza neza ko bigenda neza kugeza kuntebe ya laboratoire. Ibicuruzwa byanditseho "presterile" ni sterile iyo bivuye mubukora, ariko bihura nuburyo bwinshi bwo kwanduza nyuma.
Porogaramu ifite akamaro
Porogaramu itanga intera hamwe numuntu washyizeho akanakoresha ibikoresho, kandi igishushanyo cyayo kizagaragaza uburyo byoroshye gahunda no gukorana na sisitemu kugirango ugaragaze ibikorwa, ushireho ibipimo ngenderwaho, kandi uhitemo gukoresha amakuru. Ifite kandi mu buryo butaziguye umubare w'amahugurwa asabwa kugira ngo ukore sisitemu wizeye. Keretse niba ufite umutekinisiye wa software murugo, software idakozwe neza, niyo yaba ikomeye gute, irashobora kugusiga wishingikirije kubacuruzi cyangwa inzobere yo hanze kugirango utezimbere protocole idahwitse, ibibazo bikemura ibibazo, kandi uhindure na progaramu yoroshye yo guhindura gahunda. Muri laboratoire nyinshi, sisitemu ya sisitemu ntabwo ari inzobere mu gutangiza porogaramu, kandi amakipe menshi ya IT ntazigera yitabira porogaramu igenzura ibikoresho. Nkigisubizo, ushobora gutegereza ko abajyanama bo hanze baboneka, bikabangamira cyane umusaruro no gushyira igihe cyumushinga mukaga.
Ingingo zo gusuzuma
Ibibazo byingenzi ugomba kwibaza mugihe usuzuma software ikora sisitemu zirimo:
- Abakora barashobora gukorana na ecran ya ecran yo gukora burimunsi?
- Umucuruzi afite isomero rya protocole iriho kugirango yorohereze gahunda?
- Nubuhe bushobozi bwo guhuza software kubikoresho byabandi?
- Nibihe bipimo byibitabo byububiko bwibikoresho bitangwa nu mucuruzi?
- Umucuruzi afite uburambe hamwe na LIMS?
- Wakoroherwa no gutangiza gahunda wenyine?
- Nibyoroshye bite kubakoresha gushiraho imikorere yabo badafite ubuhanga bwo gutangiza gahunda?
- Ni ibihe bintu biranga - nk'ibishushanyo mbonera byerekana imizigo - ukeneye, kandi birahari?
- Nibyoroshye kongera gukora software mugihe sisitemu yongeye kugaruka?
- Umucuruzi arashobora gufasha mukurinda umutekano wa cyber?
Icyitegererezo
Icyitegererezo cyuzuye gishobora kuba ingenzi kugirango hubahirizwe ibipimo ngenderwaho nubuyobozi. Ikimenyetso cya barcode, hamwe na software ikwiye, bizoroshya gukurikirana ibyitegererezo n'ibikoreshwa, kandi birashobora gukumira igihombo. Kwiyandikisha byikora no gukurikirana ibisubizo birashobora kandi:
- Erekana aho laboratoire iri kumurongo no mububiko
- Menya neza ko ibirango bya barcode bikoreshwa neza kandi bishobora gusomwa neza
- Kwihutisha gusoma barcode hamwe nicyitegererezo cyo gutoranya, no koroshya guhuza ibikoresho byo hagati na LIMS.
Amahitamo yo gutabara
Amakosa akorwa byoroshye, ariko ntabwo buri gihe byoroshye gukosora. Sisitemu nyinshi zo gukoresha zikoresha "gutangira / guhagarika" cyangwa "gusubiramo" imikorere, bishobora gusobanura ko ugomba gutangira porogaramu niba winjiye mubintu bitari byo cyangwa ukeneye guhagarika inzira. Shakisha uburyo bwubwenge bwikora bushobora kumenya, gusobanukirwa, gutanga raporo, no gukira ikosa, hamwe no gutangira / guhagarika imikorere kugirango wemerere ibikorwa byumutekano kandi byoroshye gukorana nigice cyakazi cyibikoresho mugihe cyo gukora.
Incamake
Gukoresha byikora byikora birashobora gukuraho imirimo myinshi iruhije, kuzamura umusaruro no gutanga umwanya wingenzi kubikorwa byingenzi - ariko mugihe ushyize mubikorwa ibisubizo byiza. Gusuzumana ubwitonzi ingingo zaganiriweho muri iyi ngingo bizafasha laboratoire guhitamo neza, zibafasha kubona inyungu zo gutunganya ibintu byikora kandi byoroshe ubuzima kandi butange umusaruro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-10-2022