Chifukwa Chiyani Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito Zamu Laboratory Sizipangidwa Ndi Zinthu Zobwezerezedwanso?

Pozindikira kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe ndi zinyalala za pulasitiki komanso kuchuluka kwa katundu wokhudzana ndi kutayidwa kwake, pali chilimbikitso chogwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki yopangidwanso m'malo mwa pulasitiki yomwe idapangidwako. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu labotale zimapangidwa ndi pulasitiki, izi zimadzutsa funso ngati ndizotheka kusinthana ndi mapulasitiki obwezerezedwanso mu labu, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, ndizotheka bwanji.

Asayansi amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu za pulasitiki muzinthu zosiyanasiyana mkati ndi kuzungulira labu - kuphatikiza machubu (Machubu a Cryovial,Machubu a PCR,Machubu a Centrifuge)Microplates (zachikhalidwe mbale,24,48,96 mbale yakuya yachitsime, Zithunzi za PCR), malangizo a pipette(Zopangira zokha kapena Universal), mbale za petri,Mabotolo a Reagent,ndi zina. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zolondola komanso zodalirika, zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya ziyenera kukhala zapamwamba kwambiri zikafika pamtundu, kusasinthika, komanso chiyero. Zotsatira zogwiritsa ntchito zida zotsika mtengo zitha kukhala zowopsa: zomwe zidachokera pakuyesa konse, kapena zoyeserera zingapo, zitha kukhala zopanda phindu ngati kulephera kumodzi kulephera kapena kuyambitsa kuipitsidwa. Ndiye, kodi ndizotheka kukwaniritsa miyezo yapamwambayi pogwiritsa ntchito mapulasitiki obwezerezedwanso? Kuti tiyankhe funsoli, choyamba tiyenera kumvetsetsa momwe izi zimachitikira.

Kodi mapulasitiki amapangidwanso bwanji?

Padziko lonse lapansi, ntchito yobwezeretsanso mapulasitiki ndi bizinesi yomwe ikukula, motsogozedwa ndi chidziwitso chowonjezeka cha momwe zinyalala za pulasitiki zimakhudzira chilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pamachitidwe obwezeretsanso omwe akugwira ntchito m'maiko osiyanasiyana, potengera kukula ndi kachitidwe. Ku Germany, mwachitsanzo, dongosolo la Green Point, pomwe opanga amalipira mtengo wobwezeretsanso pulasitiki muzinthu zawo, adakhazikitsidwa kale mu 1990 ndipo afalikira kumadera ena a Europe. Komabe, m'mayiko ambiri kukula kwa mapulasitiki obwezeretsanso kumakhala kochepa, pang'ono chifukwa cha zovuta zambiri zokhudzana ndi kukonzanso bwino.

Chovuta chachikulu pakubwezeretsanso pulasitiki ndikuti mapulasitiki ndi gulu losiyanasiyana lazinthu kuposa, mwachitsanzo, magalasi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuti mupeze zinthu zothandiza zobwezerezedwanso, zinyalala zapulasitiki ziyenera kusanjidwa m'magulu. Mayiko ndi madera osiyanasiyana ali ndi njira zawo zokhazikika zogawira zinyalala zomwe zitha kubwezeretsedwanso, koma ambiri ali ndi gulu lomwelo la mapulasitiki:

1. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
2. Polyethylene yapamwamba kwambiri (HDPE)
3. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
4. Polyethylene yotsika kwambiri (LDPE)
5. Polypropylene (PP)
6. Polystyrene (PS)
7. Zina

Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakumasuka kwa kukonzanso kwa magulu osiyanasiyanawa. Mwachitsanzo, magulu 1 ndi 2 ndi osavuta kuwagwiritsanso ntchito, pomwe gulu la 'ena' (gulu 7) silimasinthidwanso5. Mosasamala za chiwerengero cha gulu, mapulasitiki obwezeretsedwa amatha kusiyana kwambiri ndi anzawo omwe sanamwalire nawo mwa mawu kapena chiyero ndi katundu wamakina. Chifukwa cha izi ndikuti ngakhale mutatsuka ndikukonza, zonyansa, mwina kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapulasitiki kapena kuchokera kuzinthu zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zipangizo zakale, zimakhalabe. Chifukwa chake, mapulasitiki ambiri (mosiyana ndi magalasi) amangosinthidwa kamodzi kokha ndipo zida zobwezerezedwanso zimakhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana kuposa zomwe adamwali.

Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingapangidwe kuchokera ku mapulasitiki obwezerezedwanso?

Funso kwa ogwiritsa ntchito labu ndilakuti: Nanga bwanji zogwiritsidwa ntchito mu labu? Kodi pali zotheka kupanga mapulasitiki a lab kuchokera kuzinthu zobwezerezedwanso? Kuti mudziwe izi, m'pofunika kuyang'anitsitsa zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amayembekezera kuchokera kuzinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito mu labu ndi zotsatira za kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zotsika mtengo.

Chofunika kwambiri mwazinthu izi ndi chiyero. Ndikofunikira kuti zinyalala za pulasitiki zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya za labu zichepe chifukwa zimatha kutuluka mu polima ndikukhala zitsanzo. Izi zotchedwa leachables zimatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zosayembekezereka kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, zikhalidwe za maselo amoyo, komanso zimakhudza njira zowunikira. Pachifukwa ichi, opanga ma labu ogwiritsira ntchito nthawi zonse amasankha zida zokhala ndi zowonjezera zochepa.

Pankhani ya pulasitiki yokonzedwanso, ndizosatheka kuti opanga adziwe komwe zida zawo zimayambira ndipo chifukwa chake zonyansa zomwe zingakhalepo. Ndipo ngakhale opanga amayesetsa kwambiri kuyeretsa mapulasitiki panthawi yobwezeretsanso, chiyero cha zinthu zobwezerezedwanso ndi chotsika kwambiri kuposa mapulasitiki omwe adapangidwa kale. Pazifukwa izi, mapulasitiki obwezerezedwanso ndi oyenererana ndi zinthu zomwe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake sikukhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwazinthu zotayikira. Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo zipangizo zomangira nyumba ndi misewu (HDPE), zovala (PET), ndi zipangizo zopakira (PS)

Komabe, pazakudya za labu, komanso ntchito zina zodziwika bwino monga zinthu zambiri zolumikizirana ndi chakudya, milingo yachiyero ya njira zobwezereranso zomwe zikuchitika pano sikokwanira kutsimikizira zotsatira zodalirika, zobwerezedwanso mu labu. Kuonjezera apo, kumveka bwino kwa kuwala ndi mawonekedwe osasinthasintha ndizofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri za labu, ndipo zofuna izi sizimakhutitsidwanso mukamagwiritsa ntchito mapulasitiki obwezerezedwanso. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthuzi kungayambitse zolakwika kapena zolakwika pakufufuza, zolakwika pakufufuza kwazamalamulo, komanso kuwunika kolakwika kwachipatala.

Mapeto

Kubwezeretsanso pulasitiki ndi njira yokhazikika komanso yomwe ikukula padziko lonse lapansi yomwe idzakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino, zokhalitsa pa chilengedwe pochepetsa zinyalala za pulasitiki. M'malo a labu, pulasitiki yobwezerezedwanso ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zomwe sizidalira chiyero, mwachitsanzo kulongedza. Komabe, zofunikira pazakudya za labu pankhani ya chiyero ndi kusasinthika sizingakwaniritsidwe ndi machitidwe apano obwezeretsanso, chifukwa chake zinthuzi ziyenera kupangidwabe kuchokera ku mapulasitiki omwe adakhalapo kale.